Backpacking in Egypt, with its rich tapestry of history, culture, and breathtaking landscapes, is a backpacker’s dream. Home to some of the world’s most iconic monuments—the Pyramids of Giza, the Valley of the Kings, and the Great Sphinx—this country has much to offer the curious traveller.
Backpacking In Egypt
Beyond the archaeological wonders, Egypt also boasts vibrant cities, stunning coastlines, and expansive deserts. This backpacking in Egypt guide will help you navigate Egypt’s charm while offering tips on the best places to visit, how to get around, budgeting, cultural insights, and more.
Personally, I have lived and worked in Cairo for a few months and travelled all over the country. It’s one of my favourite countries in the world!
1. Top Destinations in Egypt
Cairo
Key Attractions: Pyramids of Giza, Egyptian Museum, Khan El Khalili Bazaar
Description: As the capital of Egypt and one of the largest cities in the Arab world, Cairo is a bustling metropolis. Backpackers usually begin their journey here, exploring ancient monuments and diving into the city’s dynamic culture. The Egyptian Museum is a must-see for history enthusiasts, housing a wealth of artefacts from the Pharaonic era.
Luxor
Key Attractions: Valley of the Kings, Karnak Temple, Luxor Temple
Description: Often referred to as the world’s greatest open-air museum, Luxor is home to a treasure trove of ancient wonders. The Valley of the Kings, with its tombs of famous Pharaohs, is a highlight, and the massive Karnak Temple complex will leave you in awe of ancient Egyptian architecture.
Aswan
Key Attractions: Philae Temple, Aswan Dam, Nubian Villages, Abu Simbel (day trip)
Description: Situated on the Nile, Aswan offers a more relaxed pace than Cairo or Luxor. Visit the beautiful Philae Temple on Agilkia Island, or take a day trip to the awe-inspiring Abu Simbel temples.
Hurghada
Key Attractions: Coral reefs, beach resorts, diving spots
Description: For backpackers looking to relax by the sea, Hurghada is one of Egypt’s top Red Sea resorts. With world-class diving and snorkelling opportunities, it’s the perfect place to unwind after exploring Egypt’s cultural heartlands.
Siwa Oasis
Key Attractions: Salt lakes, Cleopatra’s Bath, Shali Fortress
Description: Siwa Oasis, tucked away in the Western Desert, offers a break from the bustling cities. Its serene environment is perfect for those looking to experience Egypt’s desert landscape, with opportunities for sandboarding, hiking, and soaking in natural springs.
Alexandria
Key Attractions: Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa, Library of Alexandria, Qaitbay Citadel
Description: Egypt’s second-largest city is steeped in Greco-Roman history. It has a Mediterranean charm, offering a blend of ancient and modern attractions, making it a perfect coastal stop for backpackers.
2. Best Time to Visit Egypt
Egypt is a year-round destination, but the best time to visit is between October and April. During this period, temperatures are cooler and more comfortable for exploring cities and monuments. Summer (June to August) can be extremely hot, especially in desert areas, with temperatures often exceeding 40°C (104°F).
- High Season: October to February – Cool and pleasant temperatures make this the most popular time for tourists.
- Shoulder Season: March to May and September – Fewer tourists, moderate temperatures.
- Low Season: June to August – Expect extreme heat, but this is the best time for diving in the Red Sea and visiting the coastal resorts.
3. Budgeting for Backpacking in Egypt
Egypt is relatively affordable for backpackers compared to European or Western destinations. Your budget will depend on your travel style, but here’s a general breakdown:
Accommodation
- Hostels/Guesthouses: $5 – $15 per night for budget accommodations.
- Mid-range hotels: $20 – $50 per night.
Food
- Street food: $1 – $3 per meal. Try koshari (a mixture of pasta, rice, lentils, and chickpeas) and falafel sandwiches.
- Local restaurants: $5 – $10 per meal.
- Western restaurants: $10 – $20 per meal.
Transportation
- Public buses: $1 – $5 for intercity travel.
- Trains: $10 – $25 depending on the class and distance (e.g., Cairo to Luxor).
- Taxis/Uber: $2 – $10 within cities (Uber is available in Cairo and Alexandria).
- Ferries: $10 – $20 for Nile boat trips (e.g., Aswan to Luxor).
Sightseeing
- Entry Fees: Popular sites like the Pyramids of Giza, the Egyptian Museum, and temples in Luxor have entrance fees ranging from $5 – $15.
- Guided Tours: $10 – $30 depending on the duration and site.
Daily Budget: $25 – $40 for a low-budget traveller, and $50 – $70 for a more comfortable backpacking experience.
4. Getting Around Egypt
Egypt’s infrastructure makes it easy to get around, whether by bus, train, or plane.
- Trains: The train network, operated by Egyptian National Railways, connects major cities like Cairo, Alexandria, Aswan, and Luxor. For longer journeys (e.g., Cairo to Luxor), opt for a sleeper train for a more comfortable experience.
- Buses: Buses are the cheapest way to travel between cities. Companies like Go Bus and Blue Bus offer intercity routes. Local buses can be crowded but are a more immersive experience.
- Taxis & Uber: Taxis are available throughout Egypt, but always agree on a fare before starting the journey or ensure the meter is on. Uber operates in Cairo and Alexandria, offering a convenient and safe alternative.
- Domestic Flights: EgyptAir and budget airlines like Nile Air offer flights between major cities, which can save time, especially for long distances like Cairo to Aswan.
Nile Cruises: For a more relaxed mode of travel, consider taking a Nile cruise between Luxor and Aswan. These cruises range from budget to luxury and offer a scenic way to explore the temples along the Nile.
5. Cultural Tips and Etiquette
- Language: Arabic is the official language, but English is widely spoken in tourist areas.
- Dress Code: Egypt is a conservative country, especially outside tourist resorts. Both men and women should dress modestly. Women may want to carry a scarf to cover their shoulders or head when visiting mosques.
- Tipping: Tipping is expected in Egypt. For services like porters, drivers, or waitstaff, a 10-15% tip is customary.
- Haggling: Bargaining is a way of life in Egypt, especially in markets. Don’t hesitate to haggle for souvenirs, but always be respectful.
- Religion: Egypt is predominantly Muslim, with Islam playing an important role in daily life. Be mindful of prayer times and avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in public during Ramadan.
6. Off-the-Beaten-Path Adventures
- Dahab: For backpackers looking for a quieter alternative to Hurghada, Dahab is a small town on the Sinai Peninsula. Known for its laid-back vibe, it’s a popular spot for diving, snorkelling, and yoga retreats.
- White Desert: A surreal landscape of chalk rock formations and sand dunes, the White Desert offers an otherworldly camping experience. Join a guided tour from the Bahariya Oasis for an unforgettable desert trek.
- Mount Sinai: Hike to the summit of Mount Sinai for an incredible sunrise experience. This is a significant pilgrimage site for Christians, Muslims, and Jews, and offers stunning panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
7. Unique Experiences
- Desert Safari: Go on a camel or 4×4 safari in the White Desert or Sinai.
- Felucca Ride: Sail on a traditional wooden boat along the Nile, particularly in Aswan.
- Dive the Red Sea: Sharm El Sheikh and Dahab offer some of the best diving and snorkelling spots in the world.
- Hot Air Balloon: Take a sunrise ride over the Valley of the Kings in Luxor.
8. What to Pack
- Clothing: Light, breathable clothes for the day, and warmer layers for cooler desert nights.
- Footwear: Comfortable shoes for walking and hiking.
- Sunscreen and Hat: Egypt’s sun can be intense, especially in the summer.
- Travel Insurance: Highly recommended for medical coverage and any unexpected delays.
9. Sustainability Tips
- Avoid plastic by carrying a refillable water bottle.
- Support local businesses by shopping at small vendors and eating at local restaurants.
- Be mindful of your impact when visiting ancient sites—don’t touch artefacts or climb on ruins.
10. Safety for Backpackers
Egypt is generally safe for tourists, but like any destination, it’s important to stay aware of your surroundings.
- General Safety: Major tourist areas like Cairo, Luxor, and Aswan are well-policed, and security is heightened around key monuments. Pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas, so keep an eye on your belongings.
- Health: Tap water is not safe to drink. Stick to bottled water and avoid ice in drinks. Travellers should also be cautious about eating food from street vendors to avoid foodborne illnesses.
- Women Travelers: While many women travel solo through Egypt, it’s important to be cautious, especially in more conservative areas. Dress modestly and avoid walking alone at night. In some cases, using taxis or Uber can provide a greater sense of safety than public transport.
- Travel Insurance: Ensure you have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies, theft, and trip cancellations.
Egypt
Backpacking in Egypt is an adventure like no other. From the chaotic energy of Cairo to the peaceful serenity of the Siwa Oasis, the country offers a diverse range of experiences for the intrepid traveller. Whether you’re exploring ancient tombs, diving in the Red Sea, or bargaining at a bustling market, Egypt will captivate you with its rich history and vibrant culture.
Have a look at my article on the 10 best books about Egypt to read.
With the right preparation and an open mind, your backpacking trip to Egypt will be both affordable and unforgettable. For a good guidebook check out Fodor’s Essential Egypt.
If you have an interest in the history of Egypt to give you more insight into the country before visiting then The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt is the perfect book to take on your journey.
Want more in-depth knowledge about Egypt? Check out these best documentaries about Egypt.
Have a read of my article about living and working in Cairo as a film extra.
And for more on the region have a look at my guide to backpacking in Ethiopia.
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